PART I: USE THE ANSWER SHEET
[5 points per question;there may be a total of 10 questions]
Choose all the true statements below and darken the corresponding circle/s on the answer sheet.  You earn one point for each statement that you evaluate correctly as true or false.

Question # 1: On the story of the Trojan war
a)  Laomedon did not deliver the reward promised to the gods who built for him the walls of Troy.
b)  Zeus came to Leda, Helen's mother, as a swan.
c) The Amazons, warlike women who rode horses, were allies of the Trojans.
d) Helen was the reward promised by Aphrodite to Paris.
e)  Troy is an imaginary kingdom; its ruins were never found.

Question # 2: On the Iliad
a)  Agamemnon took Achilles's captive for himself.
b) After the death of Achilles his arms were awarded to Ajax.
c) Homer wrote the Iliad  in the 8th century B.C.E.
d) Hera favored the Trojans, Athena protected the Greeks.
e)  The Trojans commit atrocities in the war, while the Greeks respect the code of honor.

Question # 3: On the Odyssey

a)  Penelope was harassed by the suitors who wanted her to marry one of them.
b) In the Odyssey ,  Odysseus is a hero of cunning; he never uses weapons.
c)  Telemachus visits the palace of Menelaus and Helen, in Sparta, to ask what happened to his father.
d)  Ulysses is the name given to Odysseus by the Romans.
e)  An old nurse recognizes Odysseus when she washes his feet.

PART II:  Answer on this paper

A. Match by writing a number next to each name in the list below.  [1 point each; there may be 10 or 15]
Sample only: the names may not match!
1. The ghost of Achilles demanded her sacrifice after the fall of Troy.
2. She kept Odysseus prisoner on her island as a lover, delaying for years his return.
3. First wife of Heracles,who killed her and their three sons when Hera sent Madness to him . . .
4. Friend of Achilles who was killed by Hector when Achilles let him return to the battlefield.
5. Wife of Odysseus, harassed in Ithaca during her husband's absence.

a.  Telemachus. . . . .
b.  Hera. . . . .
c.  Herakles . . . . .
d. Penelope    . . . . .
e. Thetis    . . . . .

PART III: SHORT ESSAYS
B.  Choose two of the following three topics and summarize each in five to ten lines (35-70 words).  Each topic is worth 15 points; total = 30 points]

1.  Did the Greeks capture Troy by brawn or brain?

2. What is the meaning of the expression "culture hero"?  Give examples.

3. What was the role of Herakles with respect to Jason in the Voyage of Argo?

C. Compare Odysseus and Herakles [150-200 words; 25 points]

• Follow instructions.  Do not write a lengthy answer when a short one is requested, or viceversa.

• Write in correct English:

Subjects and verbs must agree; the possessive case must be marked by the apostrophe (e.g. sg. father's, plural fathers').  The spelling of Greek names will not count toward your grade, but spelling of English words should be proper.

Avoid sentence fragments (a string of words without a verb).  Sometimes using a comma instead of a period will avoid the problem: e.g. "He could not win the first prize.  This contest being the greatest challenge of the festival." includes a sentence fragment.  "He could not win the first prize, this contest being the greatest challenge of the festival" without being an example of excellent style, avoids the fragment.

Do not create "run-ons."   We call thus a string where the writer begins one structure, then branches out into another, and another, and another, until the general structure (if it ever existed) dissipates.  No one can understand it.  Write short, simple sentences.

Avoid the constant use of English participles and gerunds ("-ing" words).  "I criticize some doers of writing for not carrying out the deed of examining their lexicology," is gibberish; if I say "I fault some writers because they do not examine the vocabulary they use," you can understand me.  Participles should not "dangle."  They must refer to the subject of the sentence where you employ them.  For example, "Considering the violence of his actions... he was condemned," is wrong, because he is not the one considering; "Considering the violence of his actions... the jury condemned him." is correct, because "considering" refers to the jury.

Do not use sophisticated words if you are not sure of their meaning.  Do not express all your thoughts in the form of "X is Y," or "There is ..."

• You have an hour to finish this test.  Do not run off after scribbling answers in poor style, having given no thought to the questions.  Reread your answers and edit them.